New York Labor and Employment Law Report : New York Employment Lawyer & Attorney : Bond Schoeneck & King Law Firm : NY Labor Relations, Employee Benefits

The National Labor Relations Board ("Board") announced today that it has agreed to postpone the effective date of its rule requiring employers to post a notice of employee rights under the National Labor Relations Act until April 30, 2012.  This is the second postponement of the effective date of this rule, which was initially scheduled to take effect on November 14, 2011.  After lawsuits were filed against the Board in September challenging the Board's authority to implement the rule, the Board announced in October that it was postponing the effective date of the rule to January 31, 2012.  This most recent postponement to April 30, 2012 comes at the request of the U.S. District Court Judge who recently heard oral arguments with respect to one of those lawsuits.

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As anticipated, the National Labor Relations Board ("Board") adopted a final rule amending the procedures applicable to union representation elections, just before losing its quorum when Member Becker's recess appointment expires at the end of this year.  Members Pearce and Becker approved the final rule without the endorsement of Member Hayes.  The final rule will be published in the Federal Register today (December 22, 2011), and will become effective on April 30, 2012.

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On Wednesday, November 30, 2011, the three-member National Labor Relations Board ("Board") approved a resolution by a 2 to 1 vote to move forward on a narrowed version of the rule on "quickie" union representation elections proposed in June.

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The National Labor Relations Board has once again exercised its rarely used “rule-making” powers, this time to propose a shorter timetable for representation elections. On June 22, 2011, the Board published a notice of proposed rulemaking to change and tighten its procedures “prior and subsequent to conducting a secret ballot election to determine if employees wish to be represented for purposes of collective bargaining.”

The proposed rule:

• Establishes electronic filing of election petitions and other documents (intended to speed up processing).
• Requires pre-election hearings to begin seven days after a petition is filed (currently, up to two weeks).
• Defers litigation of all “eligibility” issues if they involve less than 20 percent of the bargaining unit until after the election. (These issues would be decided post-election if needed.)
• Eliminates pre-election appeals of rulings by NLRB Regional Directors.
• Reduces the time in which an employer must provide an electronic list of eligible voters from seven days to two days.

These proposed procedures will permit much quicker elections, and, in some cases, could result in union representation elections within as little as two to three weeks after a union files its election petition. Under current practice, an employer has a 42-day time period to give employees its position on unionization prior to a vote. Many employers believe that this six-week period after an election petition is filed is critical to an employer’s ability to make its case against union representation (because the Union has typically been actively campaigning before it files the election petition). The Board’s proposed change appears to be purposefully designed to improve the odds of a favorable election outcome for unions, a view expressed in dissent by Board Member Brian Hayes.

Comments on the proposed rule from interested parties must be received on or before August 23, 2011. After the comment period, the Board may revise the proposed rule, or may issue it as a final rule as early as September 2011.
 

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Earlier today, the United States Department of Labor (“Department”) issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking which would expand the reporting requirements of employers and the labor relations consultants they hire to advise them during a union organizing campaign. The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (“LMRDA”) already requires employers and labor relations consultants to file annual reports with the federal government to disclose agreements (and any associated payments), where a purpose of the agreement is to persuade employees “to exercise or not to exercise, or persuade employees as to the manner of exercising, the right to organize and bargain collectively.”

However, the LMRDA does not require a report when the services rendered relate to the “giving or agreeing to give advice” to an employer. This so-called “advice exception” has long been interpreted to exempt various activities engaged in by consultants, including the preparation of speeches and other written material used by an employer during a union organizing campaign, as long as the consultant does not meet directly with the employees for the purpose of engaging in persuader activity and the employer is free to accept or reject the written material prepared by the consultant.
 

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The United States Department of Labor announced recently that its Office of Labor-Management Standards will begin collecting data on employers and their representatives who are involved in representation cases before the National Labor Relations Board. The initiative, termed the Persuader Reporting Orientation Program or “PROP,” may be part of the Department of Labor’s efforts to stem the tide of union losses in organizing campaigns. We reported previously on the Agency’s plan to revise the longstanding interpretation of the “advice exception” to reporting obligations under the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (“LMRDA”) 29 U.S.C. § 433.

Pursuant to PROP, the Office of Labor-Management Standards will review certain petitions filed with the National Labor Relations Board. It will then send what the Agency calls an “orientation letter” to the employer and its representative, “informing them of their potential reporting obligations under the LMRDA.” Under the LMRDA, an employer is required to file an annual report with the federal government in which it discloses agreements (and associated payments), where a purpose of the agreement is to persuade employees with respect to their right to organize. A willful failure to file such reports can result in criminal liability.
 

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Last month, we posted on the NLRB’s renewed focus on remedies, including the use of federal court 10(j) injunction proceedings in cases involving discharges of union organizers. Last week, the NLRB’s Acting General Counsel, Lafe E. Solomon, issued a memorandum to Regional Directors discussing other remedies they should seek in cases involving alleged employer unfair labor practices committed during a union organizing campaign. The expressed rationale for this initiative is that stronger remedies are often required for unfair labor practices committed during a union organizing campaign in order to ensure a fair election. One cannot help but wonder, however, if the Board’s new-found emphasis on remedies related to organizing campaigns is not designed to compensate for the Obama administration’s inability to fulfill its promise to its union supporters by passing the Employee Free Choice Act.

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As part of its Spring 2010 regulatory agenda, the U.S. Department of Labor (“USDOL”) has indicated it plans to revise its longstanding interpretation of federal law on the reporting and disclosure requirements for employers in connection with a union’s organizing campaign. Such reporting is required under the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (“LMRDA”), which contains various financial disclosure requirements for employers, unions and others. Among other things, the LMRDA requires employers to file annual reports with the federal government to disclose agreements made with third parties (and any associated payments), where a purpose of the agreement is to persuade employees with respect to their right to unionize. A willful failure to submit a required report or material false statements made on the report are crimes.

However, the LMRDA does not require reporting to the federal government where the services rendered relate to the “giving or agreeing to give advice” to an employer. Since at least 1962, the long-standing interpretation of the “advice exception” excludes from reporting various persuader activities performed by third party consultants, including the preparation of documents and materials to be used by the employer during the organizing campaign. As long as the third party consultant does not meet directly with employees in connection with persuader activities, agreements relating to these types of services need not be reported. The Office of Labor-Management Standards, which enforces the LMRDA, states that the advice exception has been “broadly interpreted to exclude from reporting any agreement under which a consultant engages in activities on behalf of the employer to persuade employees concerning their bargaining rights but has no direct contact with employees, even where the consultant is orchestrating a campaign to defeat a union organizing effort.” (Emphasis added). In fact, Judge (now Justice) Ruth Bader Ginsburg upheld this interpretation of the “advice exception” when the United Auto Workers sought to challenge the agency’s position in the late 1980s. U.A.W. v. Dole, 869 F.2d 616 (D.C. Cir. 1989).
 

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It has been one full year since President Obama’s historic election and we can all breath a collective sigh of relief that nobody in Washington is even talking about the Employee Free Choice Act, right? In addressing this question, I will invoke what I consider to be the greatest movie title of all time – Clint Eastwood’s 1966 epic spaghetti western, “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.”

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